To perform cellular functions, cells need protein production, which
require production of mRNA from the DNA. Studies regarding the cell regulation,
multiplication, translation and transcription are quite well studied throughout
the years. The proteins that are required for carrying out these cellular
functions all require to be transcripted and translated. It is very well known
that the while the cell starts transcription the first step is the separation of
double strands of the DNA and making of mRNA via transcription. The most important
step during this DNA multiplication is RNA polymerase binding to the DNA this
helps the other transcription enzymes to recognize initiation point for the mRNA
production.
The site is recognized as OriC in prokaryotes and after the
transcription is complete transcription is ended via two ways Rho-Dependent and
Rho-Independent. In Rho dependent termination pathway, the Rho protein is
supposed to adhere to the RNA polymerase and disengage the polymerase and terminate
the transcription. But the recent studies carried out by a team at The Ohio State
university determines that the RNA polymerase is a Voyager of Rho protein and
the Rho protein withers and changes its structure while moving further with the
transcription and later finally detaches the DNA which leads the RNA polymerase
to detach & transcription is terminated. This was observed using cryo-electron microscopy to obtain a careful
observation of the RNA polymerase action in E. coli.
“RNA polymerase moves along, matching hundreds of thousands of nucleotides in bacteria. The complex is extremely stable because it has to be -- if the RNA is released, it is lost. Yet, Rho is able to make the complex fall apart in a matter of minutes, if not seconds. You can look at it, but you can't get a stable complex to analyze, was said by the research team at Ohio State university. After reaching this conclusion more research is going on the activity of RNA polymerase with respect to transcription.
If the given phenomenon is correct will the Rho-Independent pathway have
the Rho proteins attach to it, and is there no phenomenon of Rho-Independent
pathway but just one pathway that leads to termination in bacteria?
If the Rho protein is present from the initial stages of the attachment
of RNA polymerase to the DNA while carrying out transcription, will it not be
the first protein to recognize the OriC gene to know the beginning of
the transcription. The researchers have also claimed that there wasn’t any sense
to believe that the Rho protein recognizes the termination genes without being
attached or present with the RNA polymerase at the time of termination.
Now the question is; Will this research revolutionize our understanding
of how the cell transcribe and are the theories that the former scientists
proved were not based on careful hypothesis? Will this theory bring a breakthrough
to the understanding of Cell processes?
The technology advancement is predicted to bring a drastic upheaval in
the field of Science and medicine. It is well said that the cell processes have
adopted themselves into many atmospheres and conditions, also understanding how
and why is a very complex and challenging procedure.
Although, will it be right to address the change of
information that is impending up about various cell metabolic activities, to be
a part of evolution and adaptation and not on incapability of the former Scientists
& technology shortcomings.
